Что за дистрибутив, бренч и и т.п.и Если p8 , то заново установлен, или обновлен.
Linux kab46-uchitel.localdomain 3.14.41-std-def-alt1 #1 SMP Thu May 7 12:49:36 UTC 2015 x86_64 GNU/Linux
видяха встроенная Intel
Покажите процессор и встроенную видяху.
lspci00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation 2nd Generation Core Processor Family DRAM Controller (rev 09)00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation 2nd Generation Core Processor Family Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 09)00:14.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family USB xHCI Host Controller (rev 04)00:16.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family MEI Controller #1 (rev 04)00:1a.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family USB Enhanced Host Controller #2 (rev 04)00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family High Definition Audio Controller (rev 04)00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 1 (rev c4)00:1c.4 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 5 (rev c4)00:1c.6 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801 PCI Bridge (rev c4)00:1d.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family USB Enhanced Host Controller #1 (rev 04)00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation H77 Express Chipset LPC Controller (rev 04)00:1f.2 IDE interface: Intel Corporation 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family 4-port SATA Controller [IDE mode] (rev 04)00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family SMBus Controller (rev 04)00:1f.5 IDE interface: Intel Corporation 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family 2-port SATA Controller [IDE mode] (rev 04)02:00.0 Ethernet controller: Qualcomm Atheros AR8151 v2.0 Gigabit Ethernet (rev c0)03:00.0 PCI bridge: Integrated Technology Express, Inc. Device 8892 (rev 41)[code]
Логи смотрите неудачных загрузок, в том числе /var/log/Xorg.*.log
Но именно от неудавшегося старта, т.к. после удачного, лог затирается.
В том логе, что вы приложили - нет ошибки. Там только есть нажатие на какую-то спецклавишу, типа poweroff